Key Ideas

Dervin:
* sense-making can be defined as making sense of what people do in their everyday experiences
* discontinuity is the fundamental aspect of reality
* sense-making focuses on behavior
* perceptual filters determine how you see people/things based on your values/beliefs
​* the "gap" is the moment where an individual focuses on  a method to cross the "bridge" or barrier
* external conditions(i.e. economic class, income and education) minimize creating new responses
* there have been more than 40 different sense-making studies to date
Baggio:
* the brain works in patterns
* learning has 3 influences:
     1. prior knowledge- NAP(neuro-associative pathways are familiar roads in the brain) 
     2. context-provides relevance/significance/importance
​     3. expectations-what we imagine to be true or likely to happen
* about 85% of people are visual learners
* visual design must not overshadow the context
Clark:
* employees are ineffectively trained for workforce causing loss of productivity
* ISD-( Instructional Systems Design) training that produces learning outcomes
* four ingredients of instruction:
     1. information
     2. performance outcome
     3. instructional methods
     4. instructional media
* in 1998 60 billion was spent on training
* structured lessons have four major sections:
     1. introduction
     2. knowledge needed
     3. major task of lesson
     4. summary